Soil Free-living Nematode Composition Near the Vineyard Rhizosphere in a Basaltic Soil

Abstract

The soil free-living nematode community composition was compared for five agro-management systems in a basaltic soil. The sites differed in their long-term management and were designated as organic farming (OM), conventional (MI), natural pasture (NP), foliage farming (FF) and open field (OF). The effect of five diverse land use types in vineyard growth in basaltic soils on soil free-living nematodes’ density, diversity, and functionality was examined in the plant rhizosphere. We found 22 families, 42 genera of which only 14 were present in all soil samples collected from the five sampling sites (3 bacterivores, 4 fungivores, 3 omnivores-predators and 4 plant parasites). The organic and conventional managements were found to influence the soil free-living nematode community and its trophic composition. The higher abundance of bacterivores included the Cephalobidae and Panagrolaimidae families. The fungivores included the Anguinidae and Aphelenchidae families. Ominvores-predators included the Aprocelaimidae and Qudsianematidae, and the plant parasites included the Anguinidae (genus Anguina), Nothotylenchidae and Tylenchidae families. The plant parasite nematodes were among the main pests in the below-ground rhizosphere biome. Promoting the bacterial community could be a beneficial and promising way for a considerable increase in organic management.